Apple MacBook Air M5 is our top choice for the Best Computers for College Students, offering a balance of high-speed performance and exceptional battery life that lasts through a full day of classes.
Selecting a reliable machine requires balancing academic demands with daily mobility. Students often prioritize portability for campus transit, sufficient processing power for multitasking across research and creative apps, and long-lasting battery life to avoid carrying chargers.
Beyond raw specifications, the integration of AI tools and operating system stability plays a significant role in productivity. We focus on devices that provide seamless connectivity, clear display quality for extended reading, and durable designs capable of withstanding the rigors of student life.
If you find that your studies require a stationary setup rather than a mobile one, you may want to explore the Best Desktop Computer for College to see if a more powerful, fixed workstation better suits your needs.
10 Best Computers for College Students in 2026 Reviews
Quick Comparison
| Product | Best For | Key Strength | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apple MacBook Air M5 | Best Overall | 18-hour battery life for all-day campus use | 4.9 |
| Apple MacBook Neo | Portable Power for Daily Assignments | A18 Pro chip provides high-performance computing for AI and multitasking. | 4.4 |
| WISESWAN Windows 11 Laptop | Backlit Keyboard for Late-Night Study | Backlit keyboard for comfortable typing in dim lighting. | 4.4 |
| HP Everyday Laptop | AI-Powered Productivity for Students | Integrated Copilot AI key for quick access to productivity assistance. | 4.6 |
| Lenovo Flagship Chromebook | Touchscreen Navigation for Online Classes | 14-inch Full HD IPS touchscreen for clear, interactive navigation. | 4.8 |
| DRKAKO Student Laptop | Lay-Flat Hinge for Group Projects | 180° lay-flat hinge for easy screen sharing | 4.5 |
| NIAKUN Windows 11 Pro Laptop | Flexible Design for Team Meetings | Pre-installed software including Windows 11 Pro and Office 365. | 4.4 |
| SAGAWHALE Windows 11 Pro Laptop | Lag-Free Multitasking for Research | 16GB RAM enables smooth multitasking across multiple applications. | 4.7 |
| HP Chromebook 14 | Extended Battery for Campus Days | 14-hour battery life supports all-day campus use. | 4.5 |
| HP Chromebook 14a | Reliable Performance for Daily Tasks | Up to 14 hours of battery life for all-day academic use. | 4.9 |
How We Chose
When evaluating the best computers for college students, we prioritize practical utility over marketing specifications. An experienced reviewer assesses how these machines handle the specific, high-pressure environment of a university schedule, focusing on how battery life, physical weight, and interface responsiveness translate into daily academic success and long-term reliability.
- Battery longevity for full-day campus use
- Processing power for multitasking and academic software
- Portability and weight for transit between classes
- Display clarity and color accuracy for research and media
- Connectivity options for external peripherals and displays
1 Apple MacBook Air M5 — Blazing Speed for Demanding Majors
Selecting the right hardware for your academic career requires balancing portability with enough processing power to handle intensive multitasking. The Apple MacBook Air M5 addresses this by integrating the M5 chip, which combines a high-performance CPU and a dedicated Neural Engine to manage both demanding coursework and AI-driven workflows efficiently.
Designed for the rigors of a full day on campus, this laptop features an impressive 18-hour battery life, allowing students to move between lectures and study sessions without needing to hunt for a power outlet. The 13.6-inch Liquid Retina display supports 1 billion colors, ensuring that everything from complex research graphics to media projects appears with sharp, accurate detail.
Connectivity is streamlined for modern student needs with Wi-Fi 7 and Bluetooth 6 support, alongside two Thunderbolt 4 ports for external display setups. The integrated 12MP Center Stage camera and a sophisticated three-mic array provide clear audio and video quality for remote classes, while the Apple Intelligence suite offers tools to assist with writing and data organization under strict privacy protections.
While the Apple MacBook Air M5 excels in portability and performance, users should note that its thin profile relies on a specific port selection. Those who require a high volume of legacy ports or specialized internal hardware upgrades may need to consider external adapters or different workstation configurations to suit their specific major's requirements.
Best for: Students who prioritize a lightweight, long-lasting machine capable of handling modern AI tools and multitasking across diverse academic applications.
Skip if: Users who require a high volume of legacy ports or specialized hardware expansion capabilities that exceed the capacity of two Thunderbolt 4 connections.
- 18-hour battery life for all-day campus use
- M5 chip with specialized Neural Engine for AI tasks
- Liquid Retina display with 1 billion color support
- Wi-Fi 7 connectivity for fast, reliable networking
- Limited port selection requiring adapters for legacy peripherals
2 Apple MacBook Neo — Portable Power for Daily Assignments
The Apple 2026 MacBook Neo is engineered for the modern student, featuring the powerful A18 Pro chip designed to handle intensive academic tasks and AI-driven applications with ease. Its highly portable, durable aluminum enclosure is constructed from 60 percent recycled content by weight, offering a balance of sustainability and everyday resilience.
Equipped with a vibrant 13-inch Liquid Retina display, this laptop supports 1 billion colors, ensuring crisp text for reading and vivid visuals for presentations. The device is built for productivity, integrating Apple Intelligence to assist with summarizing class notes and streamlining writing tasks, all while maintaining robust privacy protections.
For students balancing long days on campus, the Apple 2026 MacBook Neo provides up to 16 hours of battery life, allowing for continuous use from morning lectures to late-night study sessions. The inclusion of a 1080p FaceTime HD camera, a dual-mic array, and side-firing speakers ensures clear communication for group projects and video calls.
The ecosystem integration allows for seamless interaction between the laptop and an iPhone, enabling users to control their phone directly from the Mac, transfer emails between devices, and sync photos instantly. This connectivity, combined with the fast performance of macOS, makes it a highly efficient tool for managing a busy academic schedule.
Best for: Students who require a highly portable, AI-capable laptop with long battery life and seamless integration with other Apple devices.
Skip if: Users who require specialized ports, high-end dedicated graphics for professional-grade 3D rendering, or a screen size larger than 13 inches.
- A18 Pro chip provides high-performance computing for AI and multitasking.
- Up to 16 hours of battery life supports all-day academic use without charging.
- Durable recycled aluminum design offers a lightweight and eco-conscious build.
- Seamless iPhone integration allows for unified workflows across devices.
- Fixed 8GB unified memory may limit performance for extremely heavy professional workloads.
- 256GB SSD storage may require cloud or external storage for large media libraries.
3 WISESWAN Windows 11 Laptop — Backlit Keyboard for Late-Night Study
The WISESWAN Windows 11 Laptop simplifies late-night study sessions with its integrated backlit keyboard, ensuring visibility in low-light environments. Designed for the demands of campus life, this 15.6-inch device balances portability and screen real estate, weighing just 1.63kg with a thin 19.5mm profile.
Under the hood, the laptop is powered by an Intel Core i3 processor with 2 cores and 4 threads, reaching speeds up to 3.4GHz. Paired with 12GB of RAM and a 256GB SSD, it provides the necessary overhead for multitasking between office software, online lectures, and web research. The Full HD (1920×1080) anti-glare display minimizes reflections, which is useful when working in brightly lit libraries or coffee shops.
Connectivity is a highlight for students who rely on various peripherals. The unit features WiFi 6 (802.11ax) for stable network performance, alongside a versatile port selection including three USB 3.0 ports, an HDMI 2.1 output, and a Type-C port that supports PD3.0 fast charging. For those needing extra space for course materials, the TF card slot allows for storage expansion up to 2TB.
The internal 57.75Wh high-capacity battery is rated for approximately 7 hours of mixed-use, supporting a full day of classes without constant tethering to a wall outlet. With its combination of a crisp display, efficient memory allocation, and flexible connectivity, this laptop serves as a practical tool for daily academic productivity.
Best for: College students requiring a portable, budget-conscious device for word processing, research, and attending online classes.
Skip if: Users who require high-performance hardware for intensive tasks like 3D rendering, video editing, or professional-grade gaming.
- Backlit keyboard for comfortable typing in dim lighting.
- 12GB of RAM provides efficient multitasking capabilities.
- WiFi 6 and Bluetooth 5.2 ensure modern, stable wireless connectivity.
- Type-C port with PD3.0 support enables fast charging convenience.
- Expandable storage via TF card slot up to 2TB.
- Integrated Intel UHD Graphics 620 is limited to basic productivity and media tasks.
- 256GB SSD may require external storage expansion for large media collections.
4 HP Everyday Laptop — AI-Powered Productivity for Students
Equipped with an integrated Copilot AI key, the HP 2027 Everyday Laptop offers students a streamlined way to access intelligent assistance for research and writing tasks. This ultra-portable device is designed to handle the demands of academic life, balancing a lightweight 3.24 lb frame with essential productivity tools.
At the core of this machine is an Intel N150 quad-core processor, which provides the necessary power for web browsing, streaming, and managing multiple browser tabs. The laptop features 4GB of LPDDR5 RAM and 128GB of UFS storage, ensuring quick boot times and responsive file access for daily coursework.
Visuals are managed by a 14-inch HD micro-edge anti-glare display, while the HP True Vision 720p HD camera with temporal noise reduction ensures clear video conferencing for online classes. The inclusion of AI noise reduction for the dual-array microphone further enhances clarity during group projects or remote lectures.
Connectivity is robust for a portable unit, featuring Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth 5.4 for reliable wireless performance. The chassis includes a versatile USB Type-C port with DisplayPort 1.2 support, two USB Type-A ports, and an HDMI output, allowing for easy connection to external displays or peripherals.
The laptop comes with a 1-year Microsoft 365 Personal subscription, providing immediate access to Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. With a battery life rated for up to 11 hours of video playback, it is built to support long study sessions without constant tethering to a power outlet.
Best for: Students who need a lightweight, AI-integrated laptop for basic coursework, web research, and remote learning.
Skip if: Users requiring high-performance computing for video editing, 3D rendering, or heavy multitasking will find the 4GB of RAM and 128GB storage insufficient.
- Integrated Copilot AI key for quick access to productivity assistance.
- Lightweight and portable design at only 3.24 lbs.
- Wi-Fi 6 connectivity for fast and stable internet access.
- Includes 1-year Microsoft 365 Personal subscription.
- Limited 4GB RAM may restrict performance during heavy multitasking.
- 128GB UFS storage provides limited space for large file libraries.
5 Lenovo Flagship Chromebook — Touchscreen Navigation for Online Classes
Navigating a heavy course load requires a reliable machine that balances portability with display quality. The Lenovo Flagship Chromebook features a 14-inch Full HD touchscreen, providing a high-resolution 1920 x 1080 interface that utilizes IPS technology for wide viewing angles, making it suitable for collaborative study sessions or reviewing digital documents.
At the core of this device is the MediaTek Kompanio 520 processor, an octa-core chip engineered to support sustained battery life and responsive performance across daily academic tasks. With 4GB of RAM and 64GB of eMMC storage, the system is configured to handle multiple browser tabs and web-based applications simultaneously, ensuring a streamlined workflow for research and remote learning.
Designed for the modern student, the unit weighs only 2.86 pounds and measures 0.73 inches thick, allowing for easy transport between classrooms and libraries. It includes an integrated 720p HD webcam equipped with a privacy shutter, which is essential for secure participation in video-based lectures or virtual meetings.
Connectivity options include Wi-Fi 6 for stable network access, alongside a versatile port selection featuring USB-A 3.2, USB-C 3.2, and a microSD card reader. Running on Google Chrome OS, the device provides built-in protection and cloud-based backups, offering a secure environment for managing academic files without the complexity of traditional operating system maintenance.
Best for: Students who prioritize a lightweight, portable device with a high-resolution touchscreen for web-based research and remote learning.
Skip if: Users who require significant local storage capacity or need to run specialized, resource-intensive desktop software not supported by Chrome OS.
- 14-inch Full HD IPS touchscreen for clear, interactive navigation.
- MediaTek Kompanio 520 processor optimized for efficient, everyday multitasking.
- Integrated privacy shutter on the webcam for enhanced security during remote classes.
- Lightweight and slim design at under 3 pounds for easy portability.
- Limited 4GB RAM may restrict performance during heavy multi-tab usage.
- 64GB eMMC storage is relatively small for large offline media libraries.
6 DRKAKO Student Laptop — Lay-Flat Hinge for Group Projects
Navigating the demands of academic life requires a reliable machine, and the DRKAKO Student Laptop distinguishes itself with a versatile 180° lay-flat hinge that simplifies screen sharing during group projects. This 15.6-inch device is designed to handle the daily grind of coursework, streaming, and research without unnecessary bulk.
Under the hood, the laptop features a J4105 quad-core processor paired with 12GB of DDR4 RAM, providing sufficient power for standard multitasking, web browsing, and document editing. The inclusion of a 256GB SSD ensures quick boot times, while the storage remains flexible with support for expansion up to 2TB via SSD or 1TB through a microSD card.
The 1920×1080 FHD IPS display utilizes ultra-narrow bezels to maximize screen real estate, offering crisp text and wide viewing angles. For students managing heavy workloads, the device comes with a 1-year subscription to Office 365 pre-installed, along with an integrated AI assistant to help with drafting essays, summarizing reading materials, and organizing meeting notes.
Portability is a key focus, as the unit weighs only 3.7 lbs and measures 0.79 inches thin. Connectivity options are comprehensive, featuring dual-band Wi-Fi 5, Bluetooth, USB 3.2, and a USB-C port that handles data, video, and charging. The 53.2Wh battery provides up to 6 hours of use, ensuring it can last through a series of lectures or library sessions.
Best for: Students who need a lightweight, portable machine for document work, research, and collaborative group projects.
Skip if: Users who require high-performance hardware for intensive tasks like video editing, 3D rendering, or demanding gaming.
- 180° lay-flat hinge for easy screen sharing
- Includes 1-year Office 365 subscription
- Expandable storage up to 2TB SSD
- Integrated AI assistant for academic productivity
- 6-hour battery life may require a charger for full-day campus use
- Processor is optimized for everyday productivity rather than heavy-duty computing
7 NIAKUN Windows 11 Pro Laptop — Flexible Design for Team Meetings
The NIAKUN Windows 11 Pro Laptop is designed for students who require an all-in-one solution, arriving pre-installed with Windows 11 Pro and Office 365 to ensure immediate productivity. Its 15.6-inch 1920×1080 IPS display provides wide viewing angles, making it a functional choice for group study sessions or streaming educational content.
Portability is a primary focus of this model, which weighs 3.53 lbs and measures 0.8 inches in thickness. The chassis features a 180-degree hinge, allowing the screen to lay flat for collaborative work, while the integrated webcam and microphone are positioned to facilitate clear communication during virtual classes or remote meetings.
Under the hood, the device is equipped with an Intel Pentium processor, 8GB of RAM, and a 256GB SSD, providing a balance of performance for standard academic tasks like word processing, web research, and multitasking. The 5000mAh battery is rated for up to 6 hours of mixed use, supporting mobility across campus throughout the day.
Connectivity options include two USB 3.0 ports, a Mini HDMI port, and a Micro TF card slot, allowing for the connection of external peripherals or storage expansion. The unit is backed by a 2-year warranty and 6-month return policy, providing long-term support for the rigors of a college environment.
Best for: College students who need a lightweight, pre-configured laptop for daily coursework and collaborative group projects.
Skip if: Students who require high-performance hardware for intensive tasks like video editing, 3D rendering, or heavy gaming.
- Pre-installed software including Windows 11 Pro and Office 365.
- 180-degree hinge design for flexible content sharing.
- Lightweight and thin chassis for easy transport.
- Comprehensive support with a 2-year warranty.
- Limited battery life of up to 6 hours may require frequent charging.
- Entry-level processor is optimized for basic tasks rather than demanding software.
8 SAGAWHALE Windows 11 Pro Laptop — Lag-Free Multitasking for Research
Managing a heavy academic workload requires a reliable machine that handles multitasking without constant interruptions. The SAGAWHALE Windows 11 Pro Laptop addresses this need by integrating 16GB of high-speed RAM, which allows students to keep multiple browser tabs and research applications open simultaneously without experiencing performance degradation.
Beyond its memory capacity, the device features a 256GB SSD that ensures rapid system boot times and quick access to saved projects. The 4425Y processor provides the necessary stability for daily computing tasks, ranging from word processing to streaming educational content on the 15.6-inch FHD 1080P IPS display. This screen offers broad viewing angles, making it suitable for collaborative study sessions.
Portability is a key factor for students moving between classrooms and libraries. Weighing just 3.5 pounds, this laptop is designed for easy transport. While the battery life is rated for up to 4 hours of use, it provides enough power for standard lecture periods and short study blocks. The device comes with Windows 11 Pro pre-installed, allowing for immediate use out of the box.
To provide long-term peace of mind, the manufacturer includes a 2-year warranty and access to dedicated support channels, including weekday phone assistance. This combination of hardware efficiency and support services makes the SAGAWHALE Windows 11 Pro Laptop a practical choice for students prioritizing a straightforward, ready-to-use computing solution.
Best for: Students who need a lightweight, pre-configured laptop for multitasking and research tasks.
Skip if: Users who require an all-day battery life exceeding four hours or high-performance hardware for intensive video editing or gaming.
- 16GB RAM enables smooth multitasking across multiple applications.
- Lightweight 3.5 lbs design improves portability for campus use.
- 2-year warranty provides extended manufacturer support.
- 15.6-inch FHD IPS display offers clear visuals for study and media.
- 4-hour battery life may require frequent charging during long days.
- 256GB SSD capacity may be limited for users with large media libraries.
9 HP Chromebook 14 — Extended Battery for Campus Days
Navigating a heavy course load requires a reliable machine that balances portability with functional performance. The HP Chromebook 14 is designed for students who need a lightweight, 3.35-pound device that handles daily academic tasks and media consumption without weighing down a backpack.
At the core of this laptop is an Intel Celeron N4120 processor paired with 4GB of LPDDR4 RAM, providing the necessary power for multitasking across web-based applications and educational platforms. The device features a 14-inch HD display with Micro-edge technology, which helps maintain a compact footprint while offering a clear workspace for research and writing.
Connectivity is a standout aspect of this model, as it includes a 7-in-1 USB-C Hub to expand your peripheral options. Users can connect to two external monitors via HDMI and USB-C, supporting resolutions up to 4K at 30Hz. This setup is particularly useful for students who need to manage multiple windows or reference materials simultaneously during study sessions.
Designed for long days on campus, the laptop boasts a 14-hour battery life, allowing for extended use between charges. The inclusion of Chrome OS provides a secure, cloud-integrated environment that simplifies file management and ensures the system remains up-to-date for the duration of the semester.
While the device is optimized for web-based productivity, it is important to note that the storage is configured as 64GB eMMC plus a 64GB SD card, which serves as an expanded solution for local file storage. This configuration provides a balance of speed and capacity for typical student workflows.
Best for: Students who prioritize portability, long battery life, and cloud-based productivity for daily coursework.
Skip if: Users who require high-performance hardware for intensive video editing, complex software development, or heavy local gaming.
- 14-hour battery life supports all-day campus use.
- Lightweight 3.35-pound design enhances portability.
- 7-in-1 USB-C Hub included for versatile connectivity.
- Dual-monitor support via HDMI and USB-C for expanded workspace.
- Limited local storage capacity compared to traditional laptops.
- Chrome OS restricts the use of software requiring Windows or macOS environments.
10 HP Chromebook 14a — Reliable Performance for Daily Tasks
The HP Chromebook 14a is engineered for students who require a reliable, portable device for academic workflows, balancing a lightweight 3.24-pound frame with essential processing power. At its core, the quad-core Intel Celeron N4120 processor provides the necessary foundation for managing web-based research, document creation, and multitasking across various cloud-based applications. This hardware configuration is specifically optimized to handle the demands of modern educational environments without unnecessary bulk, making it a practical choice for transport between classrooms and study areas.
Visual and audio performance is supported by a 14-inch micro-edge, anti-glare HD display that minimizes reflections in bright environments, while the integrated Intel UHD Graphics 600 allows for 4K streaming capabilities. This feature set is complemented by custom-tuned stereo speakers, which provide clear audio for remote lectures or media-heavy coursework. Navigation is streamlined through a multi-touch touchpad that supports four-finger gestures, allowing for intuitive control when zooming or scrolling through complex documents.
Efficiency is central to the design, with a battery life rated for up to 14 hours to support extended study sessions away from power outlets. When recharging is necessary, HP Fast Charge technology enables the battery to reach a 50% charge in approximately 45 minutes, reducing downtime. Connectivity is maintained via 802.11ac Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, ensuring stable links for collaborative projects or virtual classrooms. While the 64 GB of eMMC storage is sufficient for cloud-centric workflows, users who rely on large local file libraries may need to utilize external storage or cloud-based solutions to manage their data effectively.
The device also emphasizes sustainable construction, holding ENERGY STAR certification and EPEAT Silver registration, reflecting a focus on environmental responsibility. As a Chromebook, it utilizes the Chrome OS environment, which keeps the system secure and up-to-date, providing access to a wide range of applications via the Google Play Store. This combination of portability, long-lasting battery, and cloud-focused performance makes it a highly functional tool for the typical student workload.
Best for: Students who need a lightweight, long-battery-life device for web-based research, writing, and streaming.
Skip if: Users who require high-performance local storage, intensive video editing software, or specialized Windows-only applications.
- Up to 14 hours of battery life for all-day academic use.
- HP Fast Charge capability for quick power replenishment.
- Portable, thin design suitable for backpack transport.
- 4K streaming support via Intel UHD Graphics.
- Limited 64 GB storage capacity requires reliance on cloud services.
- 4 GB of RAM may limit performance during heavy multitasking.
Best Computers for College Students Buying Guide
Balancing Performance and Portability
College students frequently move between lecture halls, libraries, and dorms, making the physical dimensions and weight of a laptop a primary concern. A device that is too heavy or bulky can become a burden during long days on campus.
Look for laptops that maintain a slim profile without sacrificing structural integrity. Models with aluminum enclosures often provide the necessary durability for frequent transport while remaining light enough to carry in a standard backpack.
Battery Life for All-Day Productivity
Access to power outlets in crowded lecture halls is never guaranteed. A laptop that can reliably last through a full day of classes and evening study sessions is essential for maintaining a consistent workflow.
Evaluate battery claims based on mixed-use scenarios rather than peak performance. Features like efficient processors and power-management software significantly extend the time you can spend away from a wall charger.
Display Quality and Eye Comfort
Students spend hours reading digital textbooks, writing papers, and reviewing lecture slides. A high-resolution display with anti-glare technology is critical for reducing eye strain during extended work sessions.
Consider the screen's color accuracy and brightness levels, especially if your major involves creative work or detailed data analysis. A crisp, vibrant display makes navigating complex interfaces and media-heavy assignments more comfortable.
Connectivity and Peripheral Support
Modern academic environments require connecting to various external devices, from projectors in classrooms to external monitors for home study setups. Ensure your chosen laptop has the necessary ports or supports reliable adapters.
Wi-Fi 6 or newer standards are increasingly important for stable connections in high-density campus networks. Reliable wireless performance ensures you stay connected during online exams and video-conferencing lectures.
Software Compatibility and AI Integration
The operating system should align with the software requirements of your specific major. While some programs are universal, others may be optimized for specific platforms, so verify your department's recommendations before purchasing.
Recent advancements in AI-assisted tools can streamline research and writing tasks. Choosing a computer with a capable neural engine or AI-ready processor can provide a significant advantage in managing your academic workload efficiently.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much storage do I really need for college?
For most students, 256GB is a sufficient starting point, especially if you utilize cloud storage for documents and media. If you work with large video files or specialized datasets, 512GB or higher is recommended.
Is a touchscreen necessary for students?
A touchscreen can be beneficial for annotating documents or navigating interfaces, but it is not strictly required for standard academic tasks. Consider your personal workflow and whether you prefer stylus input.
Should I prioritize RAM or processor speed?
For multitasking, RAM is often the bottleneck. 16GB of unified memory or RAM is ideal for keeping multiple browser tabs and research applications open simultaneously without performance dips.
Are Chromebooks suitable for all college majors?
Chromebooks are excellent for general research, writing, and web-based tasks. However, if your major requires specialized software that only runs on Windows or macOS, a traditional laptop is a safer choice.
How do I ensure my laptop lasts for four years?
Prioritize build quality and ensure the hardware meets current standards for connectivity and processing. Keeping your software updated and protecting the device with a quality sleeve will also extend its lifespan.
Conclusion: Our Top Pick
Our top pick is Apple MacBook Air M5. Choosing the right computer for college depends on your specific academic needs and daily habits. Focus on a device that offers the right balance of battery life and processing power to support your major throughout your degree.
By prioritizing portability and reliable connectivity, you can ensure your technology remains an asset rather than a distraction. Invest in a machine that fits your workflow today while providing enough performance to handle the challenges of your upcoming semesters.